Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands in moderately strained [1]- and [2]ferrocenophanes [Fe{(5-C5H4)2(ERx)y}: Fe{(5-C5H4)2SiMe2} (1), Fe{(5-C5H4)CH2}2 (10)] and highly strained [2]ruthenocenophanes [Ru{(5-C5H4)CR2}2 {R = H (15), Me (16)}] are susceptible to partial substitution by P donors and form mixed-hapticity metallocycles-[M(L2){(5-C5H4)(ERx)y(1-C5H4)}]: [Fe(dppe){(5-C5H4)SiMe2(1-C5H4)}] (5), [Fe(dmpe){(5-C5H4)SiMe2(1-C5H4)}] (6), [Fe(dmpe){(5-C5H4)(CH2)2(1-C5H4)}] (11), [Ru(dmpe){(5-C5H4)(CH2)2(1-C5H4)}] (17), [Ru(dmpe){(5-C5H4)(CMe2)2(1-C5H4)}] (18), and [Ru(PMe3)2{(5-C5H4)(CH2)2(1-C5H4)}] (19)-through haptotropic reduction of one 5-, -bound Cp to 1, -coordination. These reactions are strain-controlled, as highly ring-tilted [2]ruthenocenophanes 15 and 16 [tilt angles () 29-31] react without irradiation to form thermodynamically stable products, while moderately strained [n]ferrocenophanes 1 and 10 ( 19-22) require photoactivation. The iron-containing photoproducts 5 and 11 are metastable and thermally retroconvert to their strained precursors and free phosphines at 70 C. In contrast, the unprecedented ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of the essentially ring-strain-free adduct 6 to afford poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) [Fe(5-C5H4)2SiMe2]n (Mw 5000 Da) was initiated by the thermal liberation of small amounts of P donor. Unlike reactions with bidentate analogues, monodentate phosphines promoted photolytic ROP of ferrocenophanes 1 and 10. MALDI-TOF analysis suggested a cyclic structure for the soluble poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane), 8-cyclic, produced from 1 in this manner. While the polymer likewise produced from 10 was insoluble, the initiation step in the ROP process was modeled by isolation of a tris(phosphine)-substituted ring-opened ferrocenophane [Fe(PMe3)3{(5-C5H4)(CH2)2(C5H5)}][OCH2CH3] (13[OCH2CH3]) generated by irradiation of 10 and PMe3 in a protic solvent (EtOH). Studies of the cation 13 revealed that the Fe center reacts with a Cp- anion with loss of the phosphines to form [Fe(5-C5H5){(5-C5H4)(CH2)2(C5H5)}] (14) under conditions identical to those of the ROP experiments, confirming the likelihood of "back-biting" reactions to yield cyclic structures or macrocondensation to produce longer chains.
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