We studied the phase stability and photorefractive properties of a new poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK)-based photorefractive polymer composite by modifying the structure of a nonlinear optical chromophore (NLO), 4-butoxy-3-propyl-1-(4-nitrophenyazo)benzene. The shelf life of a sample with a modified NLO, 4-(2-ethylhexyloxy)3-propyl-1-(4-nitrophenyazo) benzene was extended by more than five months even though it had a low glass transition temperature (Tg) of -19C. This material also had a short photorefractive response time constant of 33 ms and a high diffraction efficiency of 49% at an electric field of 100V/m and a total writing intensity of 942mW/cm2. These desirable characteristics are believed to be due to the following reasons: first, the new chromophore acts as a plasticizer, thereby enhancing the orientation of the NLO and second, the solubility of the chromophore in a polymer matrix increases, inhibiting crystallization and providing a high optical quality. 2006 The Japan Society of Applied Physics.
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